The table below documents every scale currently implemented in Psi. — including its scoring method, reference period, and the interpretation thresholds used in the app. These thresholds are sourced from original validation studies or widely-cited clinical conventions; when ambiguity exists, the most conservative or commonly adopted cutoff is applied. Several recognized versions exist for most scales; the version used and its source are indicated for each scale.
If you spot an error in a threshold, a scoring rule, or any other detail — or if a newer validation study establishes cutoffs with improved sensitivity and specificity please reach out. The goal is for this reference to stay accurate and up to date.
| Scale | Full name | Source Citation | PubMed link | DOI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AQ-10 | Autism Spectrum Quotient (10-item) | Allison, C., Auyeung, B., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2012). Toward brief "Red Flags" for autism screening: The Short Autism Spectrum Quotient and the Short Quantitative Checklist in 1,000 cases and 3,000 controls. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(2), 202–212. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22265366/ | DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2011.11.003 |
| AQ-50 | Autism Spectrum Quotient (50-item) | Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ): evidence from Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 5–17. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11439754/ | DOI: 10.1023/a:1005653411471 |
| ASRM | Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale | Altman, E. G., Hedeker, D., Peterson, J. L., & Davis, J. M. (1997). The Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale. Biological Psychiatry, 42(10), 948–955. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9359982/ | DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00548-3 |
| ASRS | Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale | Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Ames, M., Demler, O., Faraone, S., Hiripi, E., Howes, M. J., Jin, R., Secnik, K., Spencer, T., Ustun, T. B., & Walters, E. E. (2005). The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Psychological Medicine, 35(2), 245–256. Screener version implemented Kessler, R. C., Adler, L. A., Gruber, M. J., Sarawate, C. A., Spencer, T., & Van Brunt, D. L. (2007). Validity of the World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Screener in a representative sample of health plan members. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 16(2), 52–65. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15841682/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17623385/ | DOI: 10.1017/s0033291704002892 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.208 |
| AUDIT | Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test | Saunders, J. B., Aasland, O. G., Babor, T. F., de la Fuente, J. R., & Grant, M. (1993). Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption — II. Addiction, 88(6), 791–804. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329970/ | DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x |
| BES | Binge Eating Scale | Gormally, J., Black, S., Daston, S., & Rardin, D. (1982). The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons. Addictive Behaviors, 7(1), 47–55. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7080884/ | DOI: 10.1016/0306-4603(82)90024-7 |
| BPRS-18 | Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (18-item) | Overall, J. E., & Gorham, D. R. (1962). The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychological Reports, 10(3), 799–812. (Original 16-item version; the two additional items yielding the 18-item form were introduced later.) Version implemented (18 items) Overall, J. E., Hollister, L. E., & Pichot, P. (1967). Major psychiatric disorders: A four-dimensional model. Archives of General Psychiatry, 16(2), 146–151. (Expanded item set and factor structure; the 18-item form is usually cited as Overall & Gorham, 1988, Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24, 97–99.) | https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1962.10.3.799 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6019329/ | DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1962.10.3.799 DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1967.01730200014003 |
| BRMRS | Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale | Bech, P., Bolwig, T. G., Kramp, P., & Rafaelsen, O. J. (1979). The Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Scale and the Hamilton Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 59(4), 420–430. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/433633/ | DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1979.tb04484.x |
| C-SSRS | Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale | Posner, K., Brown, G. K., Stanley, B., Brent, D. A., Yershova, K. V., Oquendo, M. A., Currier, G. W., Melvin, G. A., Greenhill, L., Shen, S., & Mann, J. J. (2011). The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale: initial validity and internal consistency findings from three multisite studies with adolescents and adults. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(12), 1266–1277. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22193671/ | DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10111704 |
| CAGE | CAGE Alcohol Questionnaire | Ewing, J. A. (1984). Detecting alcoholism: the CAGE questionnaire. JAMA, 252(14), 1905–1907. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6471323/ | DOI: 10.1001/jama.252.14.1905 |
| CDSS | Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia | Addington, D., Addington, J., & Maticka-Tyndale, E. (1993). Assessing depression in schizophrenia: the Calgary Depression Scale. British Journal of Psychiatry, 163(Suppl 22), 39–44. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8110442/ | DOI: 10.1192/S0007125000292581 |
| DAST-10 | Drug Abuse Screening Test (10-item) | Skinner, H. A. (1982). The Drug Abuse Screening Test. Addictive Behaviors, 7(4), 363–371. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7183189/ | DOI: 10.1016/0306-4603(82)90005-3 |
| DES-II | Dissociative Experiences Scale – II | Bernstein, E. M., & Putnam, F. W. (1986). Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174(12), 727–735. Version implemented (DES-II) Carlson, E. B., & Putnam, F. W. (1993). An update on the Dissociative Experiences Scale. Dissociation, 6(1), 16–27. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3783140/ https://hdl.handle.net/1794/1539 | DOI: 10.1097/00005053-198612000-00004 DOI: none assigned |
| DOCS | Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale | Abramowitz, J. S., Deacon, B. J., Olatunji, B. O., Wheaton, M. G., Berman, N. C., Losardo, D., Timpano, K. R., McGrath, P. B., Riemann, B. C., Adams, T., Björgvinsson, T., Storch, E. A., & Hale, L. R. (2010). Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions: Development and evaluation of the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Psychological Assessment, 22(1), 180–198. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20230164/ | DOI: 10.1037/a0018260 |
| EAT-26 | Eating Attitudes Test (26-item) | Garner, D. M., Olmsted, M. P., Bohr, Y., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1982). The eating attitudes test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine, 12(4), 871–878. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6961471/ | DOI: 10.1017/s0033291700049163 |
| EPDS | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale | Cox, J. L., Holden, J. M., & Sagovsky, R. (1987). Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 782–786. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3651732/ | DOI: 10.1192/bjp.150.6.782 |
| ESS | Epworth Sleepiness Scale | Johns, M. W. (1991). A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep, 14(6), 540–545. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1798888/ | DOI: 10.1093/sleep/14.6.540 |
| FTND | Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence | Heatherton, T. F., Kozlowski, L. T., Frecker, R. C., & Fagerström, K. O. (1991). The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire. British Journal of Addiction, 86(9), 1119–1127. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1932883/ | DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x |
| GAD-7 | Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (7-item) | Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092–1097. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16717171/ | DOI: 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092 |
| GDS-30 | Geriatric Depression Scale (30-item) | Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., et al. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37–49. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7183759/ | DOI: 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4 |
| HAM-A | Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale | Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32(1), 50–55. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13638508/ | DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x |
| HCL-32 | Hypomania Checklist (32-item) | Angst, J., Adolfsson, R., Benazzi, F., Gamma, A., Hantouche, E., Meyer, T. D., Skeppar, P., Vieta, E., & Scott, J. (2005). The HCL-32: towards a self-assessment tool for hypomanic symptoms in outpatients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 88(2), 217–233. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16125784/ | DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2005.05.011 |
| HDRS-17 | Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (17-item) | Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 23(1), 56–62. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14399272/ | DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 |
| IES-R | Impact of Event Scale – Revised | Weiss, D. S., & Marmar, C. R. (1997). The Impact of Event Scale – Revised. In J. P. Wilson & T. M. Keane (Eds.), Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD (pp. 399–411). Guilford Press. | ISBN: 978-1-57230-162-7 | |
| ISI | Insomnia Severity Index | Bastien, C. H., Vallières, A., & Morin, C. M. (2001). Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Medicine, 2(4), 297–307. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11438246/ | DOI: 10.1016/s1389-9457(00)00065-4 |
| MADRS | Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale | Montgomery, S. A., & Åsberg, M. (1979). A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. British Journal of Psychiatry, 134(4), 382–389. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/444788/ | DOI: 10.1192/bjp.134.4.382 |
| MAST | Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test | Selzer, M. L. (1971). The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test: the quest for a new diagnostic instrument. American Journal of Psychiatry, 127(12), 1653–1658. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5565851/ | DOI: 10.1176/ajp.127.12.1653 |
| MDI | Major Depression Inventory | Diagnostic validity Bech, P., Rasmussen, N.-A., Olsen, L. R., Noerholm, V., & Abildgaard, W. (2001). The sensitivity and specificity of the Major Depression Inventory, using the Present State Examination as the index of diagnostic validity. Journal of Affective Disorders, 66(2-3), 159–164. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11578668/ | DOI: 10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00309-8 |
| MDQ | Mood Disorder Questionnaire | Hirschfeld, R. M., Williams, J. B., Spitzer, R. L., Calabrese, J. R., Flynn, L., Keck, P. E., Jr, Lewis, L., McElroy, S. L., Post, R. M., Rapport, D. J., Russell, J. M., Sachs, G. S., & Zajecka, J. (2000). Development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder: the Mood Disorder Questionnaire. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(11), 1873–1875. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11058490/ | DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.11.1873 |
| MSI-BPD | McLean Screening Instrument for BPD | Zanarini, M. C., Vujanovic, A. A., Parachini, E. A., Boulanger, J. L., Frankenburg, F. R., & Hennen, J. (2003). A screening measure for BPD: the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD). Journal of Personality Disorders, 17(6), 568–573. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14744082/ | DOI: 10.1521/pedi.17.6.568.25355 |
| OCI-R | Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory – Revised | Foa, E. B., Huppert, J. D., Leiberg, S., Langner, R., Kichic, R., Hajcak, G., & Salkovskis, P. M. (2002). The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: Development and validation of a short version. Psychological Assessment, 14(4), 485–496. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12501574/ | DOI: 10.1037/1040-3590.14.4.485 |
| PC-PTSD-5 | Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 | Prins, A., Bovin, M. J., Smolenski, D. J., Marx, B. P., Kimerling, R., Jenkins-Guarnieri, M. A., Kaloupek, D. G., Schnurr, P. P., Kaiser, A. P., Leyva, Y. E., & Tiet, Q. Q. (2016). The Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5): Development and Evaluation Within a Veteran Primary Care Sample. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 31(10), 1206–1211. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27170304/ | DOI: 10.1007/s11606-016-3703-5 |
| PCL-5 | PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 | Psychometric validation Blevins, C. A., Weathers, F. W., Davis, M. T., Witte, T. K., & Domino, J. L. (2015). The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): Development and initial psychometric evaluation. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 28(6), 489–498. Scale as implemented Weathers, F.W., Litz, B.T., Keane, T.M., Palmieri, P.A., Marx, B.P., & Schnurr, P.P. (2013). The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Scale available from the National Center for PTSD. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26606250/ https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-sr/ptsd-checklist.asp | DOI: 10.1002/jts.22059 |
| PDSS-SR | Panic Disorder Severity Scale | Shear, M. K., Brown, T. A., Barlow, D. H., Money, R., Sholomskas, D. E., Woods, S. W., Gorman, J. M., & Papp, L. A. (1997). Multicenter collaborative Panic Disorder Severity Scale. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(11), 1571–1575. Self-report version implemented Houck, P. R., Spiegel, D. A., Shear, M. K., & Rucci, P. (2002). Reliability of the self-report version of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale. Depression and Anxiety, 15(4), 183–185. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9356566/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12112724/ | DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.11.1571 DOI: 10.1002/da.10049 |
| PHQ-9 | Patient Health Questionnaire (9-item) | Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11556941/ | DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x |
| SBQ-R | Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire – Revised | Osman, A., Bagge, C. L., Gutierrez, P. M., et al. (2001). The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire – Revised (SBQ-R): validation with clinical and nonclinical samples. Assessment, 8(4), 443–454. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11785588/ | DOI: 10.1177/107319110100800409 |
| SCOFF | Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food | Morgan, J. F., Reid, F., & Lacey, J. H. (1999). The SCOFF questionnaire: assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders. BMJ, 319(7223), 1467–1468. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10582927/ | DOI: 10.1136/bmj.319.7223.1467 |
| SPTSS | Screen for Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms | Carlson, E. B. (2001). Psychometric study of a brief screen for PTSD: Assessing the impact of multiple traumatic events. Assessment, 8, 431–441. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11785587/ | DOI: 10.1177/107319110100800408 |
| YMRS | Young Mania Rating Scale | Young, R. C., Biggs, J. T., Ziegler, V. E., & Meyer, D. A. (1978). A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. British Journal of Psychiatry, 133(5), 429–435. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/728692/ | DOI: 10.1192/bjp.133.5.429 |